Tsim Nuj Yaj
3K 0 02/20/2019 (kho dua zaum kawg: 02/28/2019)
Creatine phosphate (Lus Askiv lub npe - creatine phosphate, tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj - C4H10N3O5P) yog lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntau uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm phosphorylation thim rov qab ntawm creatine thiab nthuav tawm feem ntau (95%) hauv cov leeg nqaij thiab cov leeg.
Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob ntxiv los ntawm lub zog los ntawm tas li tswj cov theem xav tau ntawm adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP) los ntawm kev rov kho dua.
Biochemistry ntawm creatine phosphate
Hauv lub cev, txhua thib ob muaj ntau cov txheej txheem biochemical thiab physiological uas xav tau kev siv hluav taws xob: kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj, thauj cov lwg me me ntawm cov organic sib txuas thiab microelements rau cov kabmob ntawm cov hlwb, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Lub zog xav tau yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm hydrolysis ntawm ATP, txhua lub lwg me ntawm uas resynthesized ntau tshaj 2000 zaug hauv ib hnub. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab rau kev coj ua haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov ntawm sab hauv thiab nruab nrog cev, ib qho kev rov kho tas mus li ntawm nws cov kev xav tau.
Rau cov laj thawj no, creatine phosphate yog npaj siab. Nws yog tsim tawm tas li thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov txo qis ntawm ATP los ntawm ADP, uas yog catalyzed los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb enzyme - creatine phosphokinase. Tsis zoo li adenosine triphosphoric acid, cov leeg ib txwm muaj txaus ua nws.
Hauv cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo, lub ntim ntawm creatine phosphate yog li 1% ntawm tag nrho lub cev qhov hnyav.
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm creatine phosphatase, peb isoenzymes ntawm creatine phosphokinase koom nrog: hom MM, MB thiab BB, uas txawv hauv lawv qhov chaw: thawj ob yog hauv cov leeg pob txha thiab mob plawv, qhov thib peb yog hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub hlwb.
Kev tsim kho ntawm ATP
Kev tsim dua tshiab ntawm ATP los ntawm creatine phosphate yog qhov nrawm dua thiab ua tau zoo ntawm peb lub zog siv. 2-3 vib nas this ntawm cov leeg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub nra hnyav tau txaus, thiab resynthesis twb mus txog nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov no, lub zog tsim tawm 2-3 zaug ntau dua thaum lub sijhawm glycolysis, CTA thiab oxidative phosphorylation.
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Qhov no yog vim muaj ib ncig ntawm lub zog ntawm cov neeg koom nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ze ntawm mitochondria thiab ntxiv kev ua kom lub catalyst los ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm ATP cleavage. Yog li no, qhov kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev siv dag zog ntawm cov leeg ua haujlwm tsis ua rau txo qis qis ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm adenosine triphosphoric acid. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, muaj kev siv zog ntawm creatine phosphate, tom qab 5-10 vib nas this nws lub nrawm pib poob qis, thiab thaum 30 vib nas this nws txo qis li ib nrab ntawm tus nqi siab. Yav tom ntej, lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm kev hloov pauv macroenergy tebchaw los ua si.
Kev coj ua ntawm creatine phosphate yog qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb rau cov neeg ncaws pob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov leeg mob (ua haujlwm luv, khiav lub cev nyhav, ntau yam kev tawm dag nrog cov tes taw hnyav, ntaus pob, ntaus pob thiab lwm yam kev ua si tawg).
Kev siv tshuaj biochemistry ntawm cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig supercompensation ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thaum pib theem ntawm cov leeg ua haujlwm, thaum lub zog ntawm qhov hloov pauv hnyav thiab lub zog loj tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv lub sijhawm tsawg. Cov kev qhia hauv cov kis las saum toj no yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev txiav txim siab tsim nyog ntawm kev txaus lub cev nrog lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog zoo li no - creatine thiab "accumulator" ntawm macroenergetic bonds - creatine phosphate.
Thaum so los yog nrog qhov txo qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev siv dag zog ntawm cov leeg, kev noj ntawm ATP txo. Tus nqi ntawm oxidative resynthesis tseem nyob rau tib theem thiab qhov "tshaj" ntawm adenosine triphosphoric acid siv los kho cov peev ntawm creatine phosphate.
Synthesis ntawm creatine thiab creatine phosphate
Lub plab hnyuv siab raum uas tsim creatine yog ob lub raum thiab mob siab. Cov txheej txheem pib nyob rau hauv ob lub raum nrog kev tsim tawm ntawm guanidine acetate los ntawm arginine thiab glycine. Tom qab ntawd, creatine yog synthesized hauv lub siab los ntawm cov ntsev no thiab methionine. Los ntawm cov ntshav ntws, nws tau nqa mus rau lub hlwb thiab cov leeg nqaij, qhov chaw nws hloov pauv mus rau hauv creatine phosphate nyob rau hauv cov kev tsim nyog (tsis tuaj lossis tsis muaj leeg ua haujlwm thiab muaj pes tsawg tus ATP lwg me me).
Soj ntsuam qhov tseem ceeb
Hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, ib feem ntawm creatine phosphate (li 3%) yog hloov pauv mus rau hauv creatinine los ntawm qhov tsis-enzymatic dephosphorylation. Tus nqi no tsis tu ncua thiab txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Raws li qhov tsis tuaj yeem khoom, nws yog dawb do hauv zis.
Txhawm rau kuaj mob ntawm lub raum, qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev nthuav dav txhua hnub ntawm creatinine tso cai. Txoj kev tsis tshua muaj ntshav txaus hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem qhia txog cov leeg mob, thiab ntau tshaj qhov suav qhia tau tias yog mob raum.
Hloov pauv theem ntawm creatine kinase nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm ntau tus kab mob plawv (myocardial infarction, tawg) thiab muaj cov kab mob hloov pauv hauv lub hlwb.
Nrog atrophy los yog kab mob ntawm cov leeg ua ke, cov tsim creatine tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab tawm hauv cov zis. Nws qhov kev txiav txim siab yog nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav lossis qhov poob ntawm cov leeg poob.
Kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm creatine nyob hauv cov zis tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntau ntxiv ntawm creatine vim yog tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov khoom noj ntxiv rau lub cev.
