Amino acids yog cov organic uas muaj xws li hydrocarbon lub cev pob txha thiab ob pawg ntxiv: amine thiab carboxyl. Ob lub radical kawg txiav txim siab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov amino acids - lawv tuaj yeem ua kom pom cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob qho acids thiab alkalis: thawj - vim yog cov pab pawg carboxyl, qhov thib ob - vim los ntawm cov pab pawg amino.
Yog li, peb pom tawm dab tsi amino acids yog los ntawm qhov pom ntawm biochemistry. Tam sim no cia saib lawv qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev thiab lawv siv hauv kev ua kis las. Rau cov neeg ncaws pob, cov amino acids yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv qhov kev koom tes hauv cov protein metabolism. Nws yog los ntawm cov neeg amino acids uas cov protein ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg hauv peb lub cev - cov leeg nqaij, pob txha, mob siab, cov nqaij txuas ua ke. Ntxiv rau, qee cov amino acids muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov metabolism. Piv txwv li, arginine koom nrog ornithine urea phaum, qhov tshwj xeeb cov txheej txheem rau detoxifying ammonia, uas tsim tawm hauv lub siab thaum ua rau kev zom zaub mov protein.
- Los ntawm tyrosine hauv adrenal cortex, catecholamines tau tsim tawm - adrenaline thiab norepinephrine - cov tshuaj hormones uas nws txoj haujlwm yog tswj lub suab ntawm cov hlab plawv, cov lus teb tam sim ntawd rau qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab.
- Tryptophan yog qhov ua ntej ntawm kev pw tsaug zog hormone melatonin, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub caj pas pineal ntawm lub paj hlwb - lub caj pas pineal. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj cov amino acids hauv cov zaub mov noj, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntog pw tsaug zog dhau los ua qhov nyuaj, pw tsis tsaug zog thiab ib tug lej ntawm lwm cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm nws kev loj hlob.
Nws tuaj yeem sau rau lub sijhawm ntev, tab sis cia peb nyob ntawm cov amino acid, qhov txiaj ntsig yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg ncaws pob thiab cov neeg uas muaj kev koom tes hauv kev ncaws pob.
Glutamine rau yog dab tsi?
Glutamine yog ib qho amino acid uas txwv cov synthesis protein uas ua rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv tsis tau - cov qog ntshav thiab cov neeg tsim cov lymphoid nqaij. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau overestimate qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ke no: tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev kis kab mob, tsis tas yuav tham txog txhua yam txheej txheem kev cob qhia. Ntxiv mus, txhua qhov kev tawm dag - tsis hais txawm tus kws tshaj lij lossis pib xyaum ua - yog qhov kev ntxhov siab rau lub cev.
Kev ntxhov siab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tshem peb qhov “tshuav nyiaj li cas”, uas yog, ua rau qee qhov hloov pauv biochemical thiab lub cev hauv lub cev. Tej kev ntxhov siab yog txoj saw uas coj los hloov lub cev. Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm nruab nrab uas yog cim qhov regression ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem sympathoadrenal (hu ua, lawv muaj kev ntxhov siab), qhov txo qis hauv kev coj ua ke ntawm lymphoid nqaij tshwm sim. Vim li no, cov txheej txheem lwj ua ntej tshaj li tus nqi ntawm synthesis, uas txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Yog li, ntxiv kom tsawg ntawm glutamine minimizes no tsis tshua muaj qhov xav tau tab sis qhov tsis dhau lub txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis siv cov amino acids
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov cov amino acids tseem ceeb muaj rau hauv kev ua kis las, koj yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab dav dav ntawm cov protein metabolism. Proteins noj los ntawm tib neeg nyob rau theem ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv kev ua tiav los ntawm cov enzymes - cov tshuaj uas zom cov zaub mov peb tau noj.
Hauv particular, cov protein zom ua ntej kom peptides - cov tib neeg cov saw hlau ntawm cov amino acids uas tsis muaj txheej txheem quaternary spatial qauv. Thiab twb peptides yuav zom rau hauv tus neeg cov amino acids. Cov neeg, nyob rau hauv lem, yog assimilated los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov amino acids yog nqus rau cov ntshav thiab tsuas yog los ntawm theem no lawv tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom lag luam rau cov synthesis ntawm lub cev protein.
Saib mus tom ntej, peb yuav hais tias qhov kev nqus ntawm cov amino acids ntawm ib tug neeg hauv kev ua kis las luv rau theem no - tus neeg cov amino acids yuav txais kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav thiab cov txheej txheem tam sim ntawd, thiab cov caj ces roj ntsha ntawm amino acids yuav nrawm dua.
Muaj nees nkaum tus amino acids nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Txhawm rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein ua ke hauv tib neeg lub cev los ua kom tau raws li kev cai, tag nrho cov spectrum yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv tib neeg kev noj haus - txhua 20 lub tebchaw.
Yam tsis paub
Txij lub sijhawm no, lub tswvyim ntawm kev paub tsis meej. Qhov tseem ceeb amino acids yog cov uas peb lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm coj los ua ke nws tus kheej los ntawm lwm cov amino acids. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias lawv yuav tshwm sim tsis pom lwm qhov, tsuas yog los ntawm zaub mov. Muaj ntau 8 yam cov amino acids ntxiv rau 2 ib nrab hloov tau.
Xav hauv cov lus hauv cov khoom noj twg txhua cov amino acids tseem ceeb muaj thiab nws lub luag haujlwm hauv tib neeg lub cev li cas:
Npe | Dab tsi cov khoom ntim | Lub luag haujlwm hauv lub cev |
Xauj | Cov txiv ntoo, oats, ntses, qe, qaib, lentils | Txo cov ntshav qab zib |
Isoleucine | Chickpeas, lentils, cashews, nqaij, kua, ntses, qe, mob siab, almonds, nqaij | Rov tsim cov nqaij leeg |
Lysine | Amaranth, nplej, ntses, nqaij, feem ntau cov khoom siv mis nyuj | Yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau kev nqus ntawm calcium |
Vwm | Cov txiv laum huab xeeb, nceb, nqaij, legumes, khoom noj siv mis, ntau cov nplej | Siv rau hauv kev sib pauv nitrogen |
Phenylalanine | Nqaij nyuj, txiv ntoo, tsev cheese, mis nyuj, ntses, qe, ntau yam qab | Txhim kho qhov nco |
Threonine | Cov qe, txiv ntoo, taum, khoom noj siv mis | Synthesizes collagen |
Methionine | Taum, taum pauv, qe, nqaij, ntses, legumes, lentils | Ua rau hauv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm hluav taws xob |
Tryptophan | Noob hnav, oats, legumes, txiv laum huab xeeb, txiv ntoo thuv, feem ntau cov khoom siv mis nyuj, nqaij qaib, qaib ntxhw, nqaij, ntses, hnub qhuav. | Txhim kho thiab tob dua kev pw tsaug zog |
Histidine (ib nrab tsis-hloov tau) | Cov txiv laum huab xeeb, taum pauv, txiv laum huab xeeb, tuna, ntses liab, nqaij nyuj thiab nqaij qaib xyaw nqaij, nqaij npuas taum | Siv feem hauv cov khoom tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv |
Arginine (qee cov tsis-hloov tau) | Cov kua mis yogurt, noob hnav noob, noob taub dag, Swiss cheese, nqaij nyug, nqaij npuas, txiv laum huab xeeb | Txhawb txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev kho ntawm lub cev nqaij |
Cov amino acids pom muaj ntau txaus nyob hauv tsiaj cov protein - ntses, nqaij, nqaij qaib. Thaum tsis muaj qhov zoo li no hauv kev noj haus, nws tau nquahu kom noj cov amino acids uas ploj lawm uas yog cov tshuaj ntxiv hauv kev noj zaub mov, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg ncaws pob tsis noj zaub.
Qhov kawg yuav tsum mob siab rau kev pabcuam ntxiv xws li BCAA, sib xyaw ntawm leucine, valine thiab isoleucine. Nws yog rau cov amino acids uas muaj “kev kos” yog qhov ua tau rau ntawm kev noj zaub mov uas tsis muaj tsiaj cov protein. Rau cov neeg ncaws pob (ob tus kws tshaj lij thiab kev tawm tsam), qhov no tsis txaus ntseeg kiag li, vim hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev nws yuav ua rau catabolism ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog sab hauv thiab ua rau cov kabmob ntawm tom qab. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lub siab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tsis muaj cov amino acids.
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Hloov tau
Cov amino acids uas pauv tau thiab lawv txoj luag haujlwm yog txiav txim siab hauv cov lus hauv qab no:
Npe | Lub luag haujlwm hauv lub cev |
Alanin | Ua kev koom tes rau daim siab gluconeogenesis |
Proline | Lub luag hauj lwm tsim tsa kom muaj zog collagen qauv |
Levocarnitine | Txhawb nqa Coenzyme A |
Tyrosine | Lub luag haujlwm rau cov dej num enzymatic |
Ntshiab | Lub luag haujlwm rau cov khoom tsim ntuj tsim |
Glutamine | Synthesizes cov leeg nqaij |
Glycine | Txo kev ntxhov siab thiab txo kev ntxhov siab |
Cysteine | Muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tus mob |
Taurine | Muaj cov metabolism hauv nyhuv |
Ornithine | Ua hauv biosynthesis ntawm urea |
Ua li cas rau cov amino acids thiab cov protein nyob hauv koj lub cev
Cov amino acids uas nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav yog thawj faib rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, qhov chaw uas lawv xav tau tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj muaj kev kos tawm ntawm qee cov amino acids, kev noj cov protein ntau ntxiv hauv lawv lossis noj cov amino acids ntxiv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Protein synthesis tshwm sim hauv qib ntawm tes. Txhua lub cell muaj nucleus - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov xovtooj ntawm. Nws nyob hauv nws tias cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yog nyeem thiab ua dua tshiab. Qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov hlwb yog ib cim ntawm cov amino acids.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov amino acids rau ib qho kev pib xyaum ua uas yooj yim rau kev ua kis las 3-4 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam? Tsis muaj txoj kev. Nws tsuas yog tsis xav tau lawv.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no tseem ceeb dua rau cov neeg niaj hnub:
- Pib noj tas mus tib lub sijhawm.
- Sib npaug rau kev noj zaub mov rau cov protein, cov rog thiab carbohydrates.
- Tshem tawm cov khoom noj ceev thiab cov zaub mov qis los ntawm cov khoom noj.
- Pib haus dej txaus - 30 ml ib kilogram ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav.
- Muab cov piam thaj ua kom qab zib.
Cov kev siv dag yooj yim no yuav nqa ntau ntau dua li ntxiv rau txhua yam kev txuas ntxiv rau kev noj haus. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj pabcuam tsis tau saib cov xwm txheej no yuav tsis zoo kiag li.
Vim li cas thiaj paub cov amino acids uas koj xav tau yog tias koj tsis noj zoo? Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj paub tias cov cutlets hauv chav noj mov yog ua los ntawm dab tsi? Los yog hnyuv ntxwm? Los yog dab tsi yog nqaij hauv qhov txiav burger? Peb yuav tsis hais dab tsi txog kev ua noj pizza.
Yog li, ua ntej txiav txim siab txog qhov xav tau ntawm cov amino acids, koj yuav tsum pib noj cov zaub mov yooj yim, huv thiab noj qab haus huv thiab ua raws li cov lus pom zoo tau piav los saum no.
Tib yam mus rau kev txhawb nqa cov protein ntxiv. Yog tias koj muaj protein nyob hauv koj cov khoom noj, hauv qhov ntau npaum li 1.5-2 g ib phaus ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav, koj tsis tas yuav muaj protein ntxiv. Zoo dua los siv koj cov nyiaj yuav khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Nws kuj tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov protein thiab cov amino acids tsis yog tshuaj! Tej no tsuas yog kev noj haus pab kev noj qab haus huv. Thiab lo lus tseem ceeb ntawm no yog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj. Ntxiv rau lawv raws li xav tau.
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab yog tias muaj kev tu ncua, koj yuav tsum tswj hwm koj li kev noj haus. Yog tias koj twb tau dhau los ua cov kauj ruam saum toj no thiab pom tau hais tias cov tshuaj ntxiv tseem tsim nyog, thawj qhov koj yuav tsum tau ua yog mus rau lub khw muag khoom noj kis las ncaws pob thiab xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog raws li koj lub peev xwm nyiaj txiag. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas cov pib yuav tsum tsis txhob ua yog yuav cov amino acids nrog lub ntuj saj: lawv yuav nyuaj rau haus vim lawv qhov kev iab mas kawg.
Ua kom mob, phiv, contraindications
Yog tias koj muaj kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis quav ntsej rau ib qho ntawm cov amino acids, koj paub txog nws thaum yug los, ib yam li koj niam koj txiv. Yuav tsum zam cov amino acids no ntxiv. Yog tias qhov no tsis yog, tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus hauv kev hais txog cov kev phom sij thiab contraindications ntawm kev quav, vim cov no yog cov khoom ntuj tsim.
Amino acids yog cov ntu ntawm cov protein, protein yog cov uas paub ntawm tib neeg kev noj haus. Txhua yam uas muag hauv khw muag khoom noj khoom haus kis las tsis yog tshuaj noj! Tsuas yog cov neeg sau ua si tuaj yeem sib tham txog qee qhov raug mob thiab contraindications. Rau tib qho laj thawj, nws ua rau tsis muaj kev txiav txim siab los xav txog lub tswvyim xws li cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov amino acids - nrog kev noj ntau, nws tuaj yeem tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Ua tib zoo ua kom txoj kev noj haus thiab kev qhia paub ncaws pob! Noj qab nyob zoo!